Applications

Any item, piece of equipment, or software system used to increase, maintain, or improve the functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities. BCIs represent a frontier in assistive technology, offering a novel access method for communication and environmental control for individuals with the most severe motor impairments, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), spinal cord injury, or locked-in syndrome.[16, 81, 82]

Using neural stimulation to enhance or improve cognitive or motor abilities

A reality-based interactive technology in which digital content is overlaid onto the real world to enhance the user's perception of and interaction with reality.

The ability of a material used in the brain-computer interface to perform its intended function without causing any adverse effects to the surrounding biological tissues of the user.

The use of EEG signasls a security biometric for the purpose of authentication or identification

A term referring to all real and digital combined environments and human-machine interactions generated by computer technology and wearables.

Assurance that the BCI systems and its associated procedures function correctly, reliably, and predictably.

Preservation of confidentiality, integrity and availability of information

Inappropriate or incorrect use of the BCI systems

A multidisciplinary field for understanding, repairing, replacing, and enhancing neural systems.

The application of neuroscience to ergonomics for optimizing human-computer interaction and performance.

A field of study that addresses the profound ethical, legal, and social implications arising from advances in neuroscience and the application of neurotechnologies.[17] Neuroethics examines critical issues such as the privacy and security of neural data, personal identity and agency when thoughts can be decoded, the potential for cognitive enhancement versus therapy, and ensuring equitable access to these transformative technologies.[15, 18, 19]

A therapeutic and performance-enhancement technique in which individuals learn to self-regulate their own brain activity by receiving real-time feedback from their neural signals, typically measured with EEG.[83] By presenting a user with a visual or auditory representation of their brainwaves, neurofeedback systems can train them to increase or decrease specific patterns of activity, a method used to improve attention, promote relaxation, and treat conditions like ADHD.[84, 85]

Assurance that the BCI systems and its associated procedures will not cause harm to neurological functions of the user

biomedically engineered device linked to the peripheral or central nervous system to enhance cognitive, motor, or sensory abilities.

A multidisciplinary field consisting of the science and technology of embodied autonomous neural systems.

An umbrella term for any method, system, or electronic device that interfaces with the nervous system to monitor, record, modulate, or otherwise influence neural activity.[4, 5] Neurotechnology encompasses a broad spectrum of tools and applications, ranging from non-invasive research instruments and clinical therapies to direct-to-consumer wellness devices.[6, 7]

Excessive use of the BCI systems

Assurance that the BCI systems and its associated procedures will not cause physical harm to the user.

Assurance that the BCI systems and its associated procedures will not cause psychological harm to the user.