Browse All Terms

Inappropriate or incorrect use of the BCI systems

Performance decline resulting from changes in the user's neural patterns over time.

The specific spatial configuration and arrangement of electrodes during neural signal acquisition.

The generation of neural activity from the motor cortex by imagining movements without any physical limb movement or external stimulus

Experimental design requiring a subject to participate in several sessions over days or weeks.

Stimulation of multiple brain or nerve regions simultaneously to create complex feedback or sensory experiences.

Combined spiking activity from small neuronal populations.

A BCI system that enables several users to communicate with it

Combination of visual, auditory, and haptic cues to enhance user perception and control.

The method by which neurons encode and process information. It considers neurons as information-processing channels that take incoming information, integrate it, and produce a signal encoded in the neuronal electrical activity pattern.

The process of interpreting the electrical signals generated by the brain's neurons and translating them into meaningful information.

The level of understanding and awareness of neuroethical issues among developers, clinicians, and users.

A multidisciplinary field for understanding, repairing, replacing, and enhancing neural systems.

The application of neuroscience to ergonomics for optimizing human-computer interaction and performance.

A field of study that addresses the profound ethical, legal, and social implications arising from advances in neuroscience and the application of neurotechnologies.[17] Neuroethics examines critical issues such as the privacy and security of neural data, personal identity and agency when thoughts can be decoded, the potential for cognitive enhancement versus therapy, and ensuring equitable access to these transformative technologies.[15, 18, 19]

A type of biofeedback that provides immediate feedback from a computer-based program that assesses a user's brain activity.

A therapeutic and performance-enhancement technique in which individuals learn to self-regulate their own brain activity by receiving real-time feedback from their neural signals, typically measured with EEG.[83] By presenting a user with a visual or auditory representation of their brainwaves, neurofeedback systems can train them to increase or decrease specific patterns of activity, a method used to improve attention, promote relaxation, and treat conditions like ADHD.[84, 85]

Assurance that the BCI systems and its associated procedures will not cause harm to neurological functions of the user

A method that alters nerve activity by delivering electrical or chemical signals to specific parts of the nervous system.

The brain's inherent ability to reorganize its structure and function in response to experience. This is the fundamental neural mechanism that allows a user to learn to control a BCI.