Browse All Terms

biomedically engineered device linked to the peripheral or central nervous system to enhance cognitive, motor, or sensory abilities.

The legal and ethical rights related to freedom of thought, personal identity, and the protection of neural data.

A multidisciplinary field consisting of the science and technology of embodied autonomous neural systems.

A method that directly stimulates nerves via electrical impulses. It typically targets pain relief, and nerves are only stimulated, not inhibited.

An umbrella term for any method, system, or electronic device that interfaces with the nervous system to monitor, record, modulate, or otherwise influence neural activity.[4, 5] Neurotechnology encompasses a broad spectrum of tools and applications, ranging from non-invasive research instruments and clinical therapies to direct-to-consumer wellness devices.[6, 7]

A BCI system in which neural activities are recorded using sensors that rest outside the skull (on the scalp), requiring no surgery or implanted devices.

An ethical principle requiring the avoidance of harm to research participants or users.

A filter designed to remove a specific frequency (often line noise, e.g., 50/60 Hz) from EEG data.

Sequence of frequent and infrequent stimuli to evoke specific potentials (e.g., P300).

The ending time point of stimulus or event presentation in a trial.

Instant adjustment of model parameters or signals during operation to compensate for physiological or technical changes.

Updating model parameters in real-time as new brain data arrives during active use.

The initial time point of stimulus or event presentation during a trial.

A characteristic of a system whose control action is independent of the output of the task

A set of specific rules and procedures that define how the brain-computer interface (BCI) interacts with the subject and its environment.

Activation or modulation of specific neural circuits using light-responsive proteins, with emerging BCI applications.

Identifying rare or abnormal neural patterns that may distort analysis or signal classification.

The amount of time overlap between two events.

Excessive use of the BCI systems

A positive event-related potential caused by a cognitive process, appearing approximately 300 milliseconds after a stimulus.